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Numbers are indispensable in our day to day life. Sanskrit word for Number is सङ्ख्या which has the derived meaning of “one that facilitates counting”. Let us first read a song from the Book “अयनम्” published by Samskrita Bharathi.
The first two words in each line of the above rhyme give the names of the first ten countable numbers. Let us now look at the next chart to learn how the numbers are actually written in Sanskrit.
The written form of numbers (सङ्ख्याः) are given in white letters and the word forms are given below in black. Make yourself familiar with the number forms by writing and saying them. The ten digits are repeated in all number forms.
Let us now look at the chart for numbers from 1 to 100 (एकतः शतपर्यन्तम्).
The next chart shows the names of the place values like one, ten, hundred…The exponential form of the number is given in the last column. We can crudely say, the superscript number gives the number of zeros followed by one १ in the number.
Sanskrit has the tradition of preserving the language and therefore knowledge in oral form. The above place values can be remembered in sloka form as given by Bhaskaracharya, the great mathematician of ancient times.
We will be discussing on similar slokas in our blog posts soon. Confirming to the same tradition the numbers (सङ्ख्याः) are also remembered associating their names to names known objects and persons. The compounds are given in expanded form for the sake of beginners in Sanskrit.
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We learned to write and read Sanskrit Numerals in this lesson. We will be working more on numbers in next modules. We are now all set to learn to tell time in Sanskrit.
Lesson 15: Tell time in Sanskrit- घण्टवादनम्
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